The levels and trends of metabolic risk factors in the elderly population at the national and sub-national scale in Iran from 1990 to 2016

Zahra Shokri Varniab; Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam; Ashkan Pourabhari Langroudi; Mohsen Shati; Sogol Koolaji; Ali Ghanbari; Parinaz Mehdipour; Seyed Hamed Barakati; Manije Moghadam; Parnian Shobeiri; Zahra Esfahani; Yeganeh Sharifnejad Tehrani; Sarvenaz Salahi; Hanie Bagheri; Seyede Salehe Mortazavi

doi:10.1007/s40200-023-01297-z

The levels and trends of metabolic risk factors in the elderly population at the national and sub-national scale in Iran from 1990 to 2016

J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2023 Sep 18;22(2):1645-1655. doi: 10.1007/s40200-023-01297-z. eCollection 2023 Dec.

Authors

Zahra Shokri Varniab¹, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam^{1

2}, Ashkan Pourabhari Langroudi¹, Mohsen Shati³, Sogol Koolaji¹, Ali Ghanbari¹, Parinaz Mehdipour^{1

4}, Seyed Hamed Barakati⁵, Manije Moghadam⁶, Parnian Shobeiri¹, Zahra Esfahani¹, Yeganeh Sharifnejad Tehrani¹, Sarvenaz Salahi¹, Hanie Bagheri¹, Seyede Salehe Mortazavi⁷

Affiliations

¹ Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
² Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
³ Mental Health Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁴ Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
⁵ Family, Population and School Health Office, Health Deputy, M, Tehran, Iran.
⁶ Department of Older Adult Health, Health Deputy, Ministry of Health and Medical Education of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
⁷ Geriatric Mental Health Research Center, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

PMID: 37975131
PMCID: PMC10638250 (available on 2024-09-18)
DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01297-z

Abstract

Purpose: Describing the trends of metabolic risk factors (MRFs) in the elderly population.

Methods: We used modeled data from previous comprehensive systematic reviews for MRFs among adults aged ≥ 60 years. Two stages of age-specific Spatio-temporal modeling and Gaussian process regression were used to estimate the mean of MRFs. We used crosswalk modeling to estimate the prevalence of elevated and raised Total cholesterol (TC), overweight/obesity and obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. Estimates were analyzed based on combinations of sex, age, year, and province from 1990 to 2016.

Results: Comparing prevalence estimates from 2016 with those of 1990, in the elderly population, the age-standardized prevalence of overweight/obesity, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension increased, conversely, the prevalence of hypercholesteremia decreased. The prevalence of hypertension increased about 141.5% and 129.9% in men and women respectively. The age-standardized prevalence of diabetes increased about 109.5% in females, and 116.0% in males. Prevalence of elevated TC at the national level decreased to 67.4% (64.1-70.4) in women and to 51.1% (47.5-54.8) in men. These findings were almost shown across provinces. In general, the northern and western provinces had the highest prevalence of overweight/obesity in women in 2016.

Conclusion: The rising prevalence of most MRFs, as well as the greater prevalence and mean of all MRFs in women, necessitate effective public health policies to reduce the burden of non-communicable diseases and run preventive programs.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-023-01297-z.

Keywords: Elderly population; Geriatrics; Metabolic Risk Factors; Public Health; Sustainable development goals.

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